Complete index
All 115 chapters
The full reference library for the Science of Therapeutic Peptides — 9 volumes, every chapter addressable and searchable.
Volume I · Foundations of Peptide Science
Volume page →- I.1Peptides as Biological MessengersThe chemical language of the human body
- I.2How Peptides Act on the Human BodyReceptors, signaling cascades, and physiological response
- I.3From Sequence to FunctionThe structural biology of therapeutic peptides
- I.4A History of Peptide Science and MedicineFrom organ extracts to molecular engineering
- I.5Discovering and Engineering Therapeutic PeptidesFrom biological lead to drug candidate
- I.6Peptides Versus Small Molecules and Other Therapeutic ModalitiesHow drug classes differ, and where each one belongs
- I.7Peptide Pharmacokinetics and DeliveryMoving fragile molecules through the human body
- I.8Benefits, Risks, and Safety of Peptide MedicinesWhat peptides can do well, and where they can harm
- I.9Evidence and Clinical Development in Peptide MedicineFrom mechanism to demonstrated benefit
- I.10The Future of Peptide TherapeuticsNew targets, new designs, and new delivery systems
Volume II · Metabolic, Incretin & Energy
Volume page →- II.1AOD‑9604A fragment of a hormone, cut to keep the fat loss and drop the rest
- II.2CagrilintideA hormone found as a disease, and rebuilt as a drug
- II.3EloralintideThe second hormone the pancreas sends after a meal, and the analogue built to leave the bone receptor alone
- II.4InsulinThe first peptide medicine, the analogue family that followed, and the standard every later peptide is measured against
- II.5MazdutideThe drug that put the second hormone back in — a GLP-1/glucagon dual agonist, and the first of its kind approved anywhere
- II.6OrforglipronA small molecule at a receptor built for a peptide
- II.7RetatrutideOne peptide, three hormone receptors, and the furthest that drug-induced weight loss has yet been taken
- II.8SemaglutideThe molecule that was made worse at its job, and what followed
- II.9SurvodutideA glucagon-receptor / GLP-1-receptor dual agonist (BI 456906) — discovery, mechanism, and the human record
- II.10TirzepatideThe drug built on a hormone that had already failed — and the outcome trial that did not follow the weight loss
- II.11UltratrutideAn advanced quad-agonist metabolic peptide (GLP-1 / GIP / glucagon / ghrelin) — claimed design, receptor biology, and the evidence gap
Volume III · Growth Hormone, Growth Factors & Body Composition
Volume page →- III.1CJC-1295A growth-hormone-releasing peptide that solved its engineering problem, lost its clinical programme, and now sells in two forms only one of which was ever tested in people
- III.2Follistatin 344 / 315One protein, two numbers, and the muscle-growth ceiling that evolution installed
- III.3GDF-11The near-twin of myostatin that was briefly sold as young blood
- III.4GHRHThe hormone the disease revealed
- III.5GHRP-2A hunger signal found before the hunger hormone, and the diagnostic that outlived the drug
- III.6GHRP-6The hexapeptide that found a receptor nobody was looking for, and the hormone that was missing
- III.7HexarelinThe growth-hormone drug that failed, and the heart receptor it found on the way down
- III.8hGH Fragment 176–191The piece of a hormone that was supposed to burn fat without being a hormone
- III.9IpamorelinThe first selective growth hormone secretagogue, and what selectivity turned out to be worth
- III.10MGF and PEG-MGFA splice variant, a twenty-four-residue peptide, and the distance between them
- III.11SermorelinThe shortest fragment that still works
- III.12TesamorelinA hormone found in a tumour, one acyl group, and the long argument about what growth hormone is for
Volume IV · Tissue Repair, Regeneration & Extracellular Matrix
Volume page →- IV.1AHK‑CuOne methyl group from a famous molecule, and what the evidence for it actually is
- IV.2BPC-157A student's idea about the stomach, thirty-four years of animal experiments, and the question nobody has answered
- IV.3GHK‑CuA wrapper for one atom of copper, and the fifty years spent arguing about what it does
- IV.4PE 22-28Seven amino acids, arrived at by subtraction
- IV.5Thymosin β4The actin buffer that was mistaken for a hormone, and the fragment that is mistaken for the protein
Volume V · Neuroactive, Behavioral & Cognitive
Volume page →- V.1CerebrolysinA pig-brain extract from 1954, four thousand patients of randomised evidence, and the problem of a drug nobody can fully list
- V.2DihexaA fragment of a blood-pressure hormone, a claim of ten million, and a molecule that became a laboratory reagent
- V.3DSIPA molecule pulled from the blood of sleeping rabbits, and the fifty-year argument about whether it does anything
- V.4MIF-1The hypothalamic tripeptide that taught peptide science to look upward
- V.5OS-01Pep 14, OneSkin, and a senomorphic peptide from a progeria screen
- V.6P021Five residues cut from a cytokine too toxic to use, by the two people who found out what the Alzheimer tangle is made of
- V.7Selankand the three names sold beside it — N-Acetyl Selank, N-Acetyl Selank Amidate, Adalank
- V.8The Semax FamilyA Soviet neuropeptide, four products, and the distance between them
- V.9SNAP‑8A peptide designed to relax a muscle it may never reach — and the twenty-year skincare industry built on that hope
Volume VI · Immune, Inflammatory & Antimicrobial
Volume page →- VI.1ARA-290Eleven residues from the face of a blood hormone, and the receptor nobody was looking for
- VI.2KPVThe three-residue tail of a pigment hormone, and what happened when it was cut off
- VI.3LarazotideThe cholera toxin fragment that tried to close the gut
- VI.4LL-37The only cathelicidin a human being has, and the trouble with an antibiotic that also talks to the immune system
- VI.5ThymalinA calf-thymus polypeptide complex from a Leningrad military academy, three short peptides later read out of it, and four decades of evidence that almost never left one programme
- VI.6Thymosin Alpha-1Twenty-eight residues, sixty years, a thousand papers, and the awkward relationship between how much evidence there is and how good it is
- VI.7ThymulinThe zinc-locked nonapeptide of the thymus — discovered as a serum factor in Paris, renamed when a metal proved indispensable, and still searching for a modern human trial
- VI.8VIPThe gut hormone that turned out to run vessels, lungs, clocks, and immune calm
Volume VII · Reproductive, Sexual & Endocrine
Volume page →- VII.1GonadorelinThe brain’s ten-letter instruction to the body’s reproductive engine — synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone
- VII.2hCGThe pregnancy hormone that built the pregnancy test, and the diet it never worked for
- VII.3HMGThe fertility drug distilled from the urine of nuns, and what sixty years of trials could and could not settle
- VII.4Kisspeptin-10The ten residues that switch on puberty, and the gene named after a chocolate
- VII.5Melanotan-IThe tanning drug that became a medicine for people who cannot go outside
- VII.6Melanotan-IIA molecule designed to prevent skin cancer, and what became of it
- VII.7OxytocinThe molecule that built peptide chemistry, and the biology of birth, milk and attachment
- VII.8PT-141Bremelanotide — a melanocortin agonist that acts on the brain
- VII.9TRHThe first hypothalamic releasing hormone — three amino acids that opened the portal-blood era of neuroendocrinology
Volume VIII · Longevity, Senescence & Organ-Specific Bioregulators
Volume page →- VIII.1AdipotideA postcode, a warhead, and the drug that starved fat of its blood supply
- VIII.2B7-33The single-chain relaxin that kept the antifibrotic signal and dropped the rest
- VIII.3BronchogenFour residues, two spellings, and a lung that has not been studied since 2017
- VIII.4CardiogenA four-residue peptide assigned to the heart, and what happens when a compound’s name belongs to somebody else
- VIII.5CartalaxA three-letter peptide, a Soviet military laboratory, and the question of what a bioregulator is
- VIII.6ChonlutenGlu-Asp-Gly — three residues assigned to the bronchi, a twin that steals its headlines, and a literature thin enough that the trade name has one PubMed hit
- VIII.7EpithalonA tetrapeptide, the extract it was inferred from, the family it belongs to, and a mechanism that runs in both directions
- VIII.8FOXO4-DRIa peptide built backwards, to kill the cells that will not die
- VIII.9GlutathioneThe most abundant antioxidant in the human body, and the century-long argument about whether swallowing it does anything
- VIII.10HumaninThe message from the ruins — a peptide found in the one part of an Alzheimer’s brain that had not died
- VIII.11Khavinson CytomaxesNatural organ peptide complexes, six registered medicines, and the retail names PubMed barely indexes
- VIII.12LivagenLys-Glu-Asp-Ala — a four-residue instruction said to unpack old chromatin, and the closed literature that is all the evidence there is
- VIII.13Longevity Series IndexA map of the split stack — not a deep combination monograph
- VIII.14MOTS-cThe message in the machine — a peptide the mitochondrion writes, and what a decade of evidence does and does not establish about it
- VIII.15NAD+The coenzyme that became a commodity
- VIII.16OvagenGlu-Asp-Leu — a three-letter peptide sold under a name that sounds like ovaries, catalogued for the liver, and studied mostly as a kidney protectant
- VIII.17PancragenLys-Glu-Asp-Trp — four residues assigned to the pancreas, a DNA-test namesake that is not a peptide, and one of the denser files in the Khavinson cytogen line
- VIII.18PinealonA three-residue peptide read out of a cattle-brain extract, a mechanism that runs through the nucleus, and an evidence base that has never left one laboratory
- VIII.19ProstamaxLys‑Glu‑Asp‑Pro — a four-residue peptide with a market, a patent, and almost no literature
- VIII.20SS-31The peptide that found its target after it reached the clinic
- VIII.21TestagenLys-Glu-Asp-Gly — four residues assigned to the testis, a market spelling that collides with testosterone, and a literature thin enough to read end to end
- VIII.22VesiluteGlu-Asp — two amino acids, a bladder assignment, and a literature thin enough to see through
- VIII.23VesugenLys-Glu-Asp — a three-residue vascular bioregulator, a second life in Alzheimer models, and a literature that almost never leaves one research network
- VIII.24VilonLys-Glu — the shortest bioactive word in the Khavinson catalogue, a stated null on pericentromeric chromatin, and the closed literature that is almost all the evidence there is
Volume IX · Companion: Peptide-Adjacent Compounds, Formulation & Laboratory Practice
Volume page →- IX.1Manufacturing and Verifying Therapeutic PeptidesSynthesis, purity, potency, and product quality
- IX.2Regulation, Access, and the Peptide MarketplaceHow peptide products move from discovery to the shelf — and what the labels actually mean
- IX.3The Global Therapeutic Peptide IndustryMarkets, companies, economics, and competitive strategy
- IX.4The Therapeutic Peptide Production EcosystemPharmaceutical Companies, Compounders, Contract Manufacturers, and Alternative Supply Channels
- IX.5Manufacturing Therapeutic PeptidesFacilities, equipment, inputs, processes, scale-up, and commercial production
- IX.6When Peptide Production Goes WrongImpurities, contamination, sterility failures, and patient risk
- IX.7Testing Therapeutic PeptidesAnalytical methods, certificates of analysis, independent verification, and laboratory reliability
- IX.8AICARThe nucleoside that taught cells to act as if they were running out of energy
- IX.95-amino-1MQA methyl group, a metabolic thermostat, and the small molecule built to jam it
- IX.10AndarineS-4 / GTx-007 — an early arylpropionamide discontinued for enobosarm
- IX.11BAM-15A drug with no receptor, and the poison it was built to replace
- IX.12CardarineGW501516 — a PPAR-δ agonist that is not a SARM
- IX.13L-CarnitineThe muscle extract that became a vitamin, then a shuttle, then a suspect
- IX.14LigandrolLGD-4033 between a 21-day healthy-men RCT and a grey-market DILI case layer
- IX.15Lipo-C / MIC B12A Nobel-grade discovery history, a rodent deficiency model, and a clinic injection the evidence never caught up with
- IX.16MetforminFrom goat’s rue to first-line diabetes, AMPK lore, and the still-pending TAME bet
- IX.17Methylene blueFrom a coal-tar dye to a mitochondrial redox shuttle
- IX.18MK-677The once-daily pill that raised growth hormone for years — and never became a medicine
- IX.19OstarineEnobosarm between cancer cachexia, breast programmes, and GLP-1 lean-mass preservation
- IX.20PNC-27A fragment of the guardian gene, a door punched in the cancer-cell membrane, and how far a striking result reaches when no person has yet been treated
- IX.21RAD140Testolone / vosilasarm between a breast-cancer Phase 1 and a consumer safety case layer
- IX.22RapamycinSirolimus between ITP mouse lifespan and the thinner human healthy-aging record
- IX.23S-23A preclinical arylpropionamide with contraception animal data and almost no human efficacy package
- IX.24SARMsSelective androgen receptor modulators, the clinical residue, and the grey-market fog
- IX.25SLU-PP-332An estrogen-related-receptor agonist, and the biology of an “exercise mimetic”
- IX.26TesofensineA neurodegeneration drug that found its purpose in the wrong organ
- IX.27YK-11A steroidal partial AR agonist whose myostatin lore outruns the human evidence